ORM (SQLAlchemy)

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, String
from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column, Session

class Base(DeclarativeBase):
    pass

class User(Base):                       # class = ตาราง
    __tablename__ = "users"
    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50))
    age: Mapped[int]

engine = create_engine("sqlite:///app.db")
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)        # สร้างตารางจาก class

from sqlalchemy import select

with Session(engine) as session:
    # Create — สร้าง object แล้ว add
    user = User(name="Aph", age=25)
    session.add(user)
    session.commit()

    # Read — query ด้วย object ไม่ใช่ SQL
    result = session.scalars(select(User).where(User.age >= 18))
    for u in result:
        print(u.name, u.age)

    # Update — แก้ attribute แล้ว commit
    u = session.get(User, 1)
    u.age = 26
    session.commit()

    # Delete
    session.delete(u)
    session.commit()