วันที่ 11 — ฟังก์ชัน (Functions)

# syntax
# Declaring a function
def function_name():
    codes
    codes
# Calling a function
function_name()

def generate_full_name ():
    first_name = 'Asabeneh'
    last_name = 'Yetayeh'
    space = ' '
    full_name = first_name + space + last_name
    print(full_name)
generate_full_name () # calling a function

def add_two_numbers ():
    num_one = 2
    num_two = 3
    total = num_one + num_two
    print(total)
add_two_numbers()

def generate_full_name ():
    first_name = 'Asabeneh'
    last_name = 'Yetayeh'
    space = ' '
    full_name = first_name + space + last_name
    return full_name
print(generate_full_name())

def add_two_numbers ():
    num_one = 2
    num_two = 3
    total = num_one + num_two
    return total
print(add_two_numbers())

  # syntax
  # Declaring a function
  def function_name(parameter):
    codes
    codes
  # Calling function
  print(function_name(argument))

def greetings (name):
    message = name + ', welcome to Python for Everyone!'
    return message
print(greetings('Asabeneh'))

def add_ten(num):
    ten = 10
    return num + ten
print(add_ten(90))

def square_number(x):
    return x * x
print(square_number(2))

def area_of_circle (r):
    PI = 3.14
    area = PI * r ** 2
    return area
print(area_of_circle(10))

def sum_of_numbers(n):
    total = 0
    for i in range(n+1):
        total+=i
    return total
print(sum_of_numbers(10)) # 55
print(sum_of_numbers(100)) # 5050

  # syntax
  # Declaring a function
  def function_name(para1, para2):
    codes
    codes
  # Calling function
  print(function_name(arg1, arg2))

def generate_full_name (first_name, last_name):
    space = ' '
    full_name = first_name + space + last_name
    return full_name
print('Full Name: ', generate_full_name('Asabeneh','Yetayeh'))

def sum_two_numbers (num_one, num_two):
    sum = num_one + num_two
    return sum
print('Sum of two numbers: ', sum_two_numbers(1, 9))

def calculate_age (current_year, birth_year):
    age = current_year - birth_year
    return age 
print('Age: ', calculate_age(2021, 1819))

def weight_of_object (mass, gravity):
    weight = str(mass * gravity)+ ' N' # the value has to be changed to a string first
    return weight
print('Weight of an object in Newtons: ', weight_of_object(100, 9.81))

# syntax
# Declaring a function
def function_name(para1, para2):
    codes
    codes
# Calling function
print(function_name(para1 = 'John', para2 = 'Doe')) # the order of arguments does not matter here

def print_fullname(firstname, lastname):
    space = ' '
    full_name = firstname  + space + lastname
    print(full_name)
print_fullname(firstname = 'Asabeneh', lastname = 'Yetayeh')

def add_two_numbers (num1, num2):
    total = num1 + num2
    return total
print(add_two_numbers(num2 = 3, num1 = 2)) # Order does not matter

def print_name(firstname):
    return firstname
print_name('Asabeneh') # Asabeneh

def print_full_name(firstname, lastname):
    space = ' '
    full_name = firstname  + space + lastname
    return full_name
print_full_name(firstname='Asabeneh', lastname='Yetayeh')

def add_two_numbers (num1, num2):
    total = num1 + num2
    return total
print(add_two_numbers(2, 3))

def calculate_age (current_year, birth_year):
    age = current_year - birth_year
    return age
print('Age: ', calculate_age(2019, 1819))

def is_even (n):
    if n % 2 == 0:
        return True    # return stops further execution of the function, similar to break 
    return False
print(is_even(10)) # True
print(is_even(7)) # False

def find_even_numbers(n):
    evens = []
    for i in range(n + 1):
        if i % 2 == 0:
            evens.append(i)
    return evens
print(find_even_numbers(10))

# syntax
# Declaring a function
def function_name(param = value):
    codes
    codes
# Calling function
function_name()
function_name(arg)

def greetings (name = 'Peter'):
    message = name + ', welcome to Python for Everyone!'
    return message
print(greetings())
print(greetings('Asabeneh'))

def generate_full_name (first_name = 'Asabeneh', last_name = 'Yetayeh'):
    space = ' '
    full_name = first_name + space + last_name
    return full_name

print(generate_full_name())
print(generate_full_name('David','Smith'))

def calculate_age (birth_year,current_year = 2021):
    age = current_year - birth_year
    return age 
print('Age: ', calculate_age(1821))

def weight_of_object (mass, gravity = 9.81):
    weight = str(mass * gravity)+ ' N' # the value has to be changed to string first
    return weight
print('Weight of an object in Newtons: ', weight_of_object(100)) # 9.81 - average gravity on Earth's surface
print('Weight of an object in Newtons: ', weight_of_object(100, 1.62)) # gravity on the surface of the Moon

# syntax
# Declaring a function
def function_name(*args):
    codes
    codes
# Calling function
function_name(param1, param2, param3,..)

def sum_all_nums(*nums):
    total = 0
    for num in nums:
        total += num     # same as total = total + num 
    return total
print(sum_all_nums(2, 3, 5)) # 10

def generate_groups (team,*args):
    print(team)
    for i in args:
        print(i) 
generate_groups('Team-1','Asabeneh','Brook','David','Eyob')

# Define a function that takes two arguments: 'name' and 'location'
def greet(name, location):
    # Print a greeting message using the provided arguments
    print("Hi there", name, "how is the weather in", location)

# Call the function using keyword arguments
greet(name="Alice", location="New York")
# Output: Hi there Alice how is the weather in New York

# Create a dictionary with keys matching the function's parameter names
my_dict = {"name": "Alice", "location": "New York"}

# Call the function using dictionary unpacking
greet(**my_dict)
# The ** operator unpacks the dictionary, passing its key-value pairs
# as keyword arguments to the function.
# Output: Hi there Alice how is the weather in New York

def arbitrary_named_args(**args):
    print("I received an arbitrary number of arguments, totaling", len(args))
    print("They are provided as a dictionary in my function:", type(args))
    print("Let's print them:")
    for k, v in args.items():
        print(" * key:", k, "value:", v)

#You can pass functions around as parameters
def square_number (n):
    return n ** n
def do_something(f, x):
    return f(x)
print(do_something(square_number, 3)) # 27

print(reverse_list([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))
# [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
print(reverse_list(["A", "B", "C"]))
# ["C", "B", "A"]

food_stuff = ['Potato', 'Tomato', 'Mango', 'Milk'];
print(add_item(food_stuff, 'Meat'))     # ['Potato', 'Tomato', 'Mango', 'Milk','Meat'];
numbers = [2, 3, 7, 9];
print(add_item(numbers, 5))      # [2, 3, 7, 9, 5]

food_stuff = ['Potato', 'Tomato', 'Mango', 'Milk']
print(remove_item(food_stuff, 'Mango'))  # ['Potato', 'Tomato', 'Milk'];
numbers = [2, 3, 7, 9]
print(remove_item(numbers, 3))  # [2, 7, 9]

print(sum_of_numbers(5))  # 15
print(sum_of_numbers(10)) # 55
print(sum_of_numbers(100)) # 5050

print(evens_and_odds(100))
# The number of odds are 50.
# The number of evens are 51.

greet()
# "Hello, Guest!"
greet("Alice")
# "Hello, Alice!"

show_args(name="Alice", age=30, city="New York")
# Received: name: Alice, age: 30, city: New York
show_args(name="Bob", pet="Fluffy, the bunny")
# Received: name: Bob, pet: Fluffy, the bunny